化学杂交剂对灌浆期小麦源流库的影响

以大穗小麦品种SN05-3和多穗小麦SN02-3为试验材料,研究了化学杂交剂BAU-9403对灌浆期小麦库、源、流的影响.结果表明,BAU-9403诱导的小麦雄性不育率大于95%,异交结实率高于92.5%;BAU-9403能够显著降低旗叶叶绿素含量和提高其净光合速率;喷药处理的干物质日生产量,茎、叶、鞘的干物质转移量及其输出率和转换率均下降;喷药处理籽粒饱满度平均减少0.222,平均灌浆速率降低0.306g/1000 grains·d-1,灌浆持续期平均缩短6.03d.BAU-9403处理的SN05-3净光合速率增加幅度、叶绿素含量及茎中干物质转移量、输出率和转换率下降幅度均高于SN02-3,而叶中干物质转移量下降幅度和鞘中的干物质输出率却低于SN02-3;SN05-3的灌浆持续期缩短幅度明显大于SN02-3,而其灌浆速率下降的程度小于SN02-3.综合分析表明,BAU-9403能够影响灌浆期小麦的光合生理特性,破坏库、源之间的平衡关系,使干物质积累和转运不畅,导致粒重下降,且品种间的反应存在差异.     

CO2浓度增加和施氮对栓皮栎幼苗生理生态特征的影响

通过人为控制CO₂浓度(700、400 μmol·mol^-1)和氮素水平(120 kg N·hm^-2),研究了CO₂浓度增加和氮沉降及其交互作用对北界(辽宁庄河)栓皮栎幼苗生理生态特征的影响.结果表明: CO₂浓度升高使栓皮栎幼苗叶片的形态、光合色素含量和氮含量有减小的趋势,暗呼吸速率较对照降低63.3%,可溶性糖增加2.6%.氮沉降对栓皮栎叶片的形态和光合色素含量有明显的促进作用,叶N含量增加而K含量降低,N/K值增加26.7%.CO₂和N交互作用对幼苗叶形态和光合作用有明显的促进作用,叶片最大净光合速率和光饱和点分别是对照的1.4倍和2.6倍,暗呼吸速率和光补偿点分别降低65.9%和50.0%.CO₂浓度升高和N沉降均对栓皮栎幼苗生长有一定的促进作用,可能导致栓皮栎分布界线北移.     

Anatomy of a New Species of Scolecopteris (Marattiales) from Early Stage of Early Permian in China

Scolecopteris Zenker, a kind of anatomically-preserved fertile foliage of Late Paleozoic Marattiales, has been well studied in Euramerican Flora. It is composed of 28 species which can be divided into four forms (groups) mainly based on modified or umodified pinnules, the variation of the outer facing sporangial walls, and with or without a prominent central parenchyma area. In contrast, Scolecopteris Zenker in Cathaysian Flora has been poorly studied so far, and only one species S. sinensis Zhao, was reported in 1991 which was considered as a member of Minor Group. The paper reports a second species of Scolecopteris, i.e.S, shanxiensis sp. nov., which differs from the above four groups in that its outer facing wall of the sporangia is thick at the base and top (2 ~ 3 layers of cells), and a little thinner ( 1~2 layers of cells) at the midlevel of the synangia. So a new group, Shanxiensis group, is set for the new species. The other characteristics of Shanxiensis group is comparable with Minor group. The new species comes from the coal balls in Coal Seam No. 7 in the upper part of Taiyuan Formation (early Early Permian) from Taiyuan, Shanxi, China. The identification of Scolecopteris shanxiensis sp. nov. :The fertile pinnule probably peeopterids, 5.5 ~ 6.0 mm in length and 2.0 ~ 2.2 mm in width. The lateral extensions of the lamina of the pinnule bend abaxially and above the synangia. The synangia arrange along the sides of the midrib of the pinnnle and there are about 10 synangia in each row. The synangium is elliptical in longitudinal section and radial in cross section, 0.7 ~ 0.8 mm in height and 0.6 ~ 0.7 mm in diameter. Each synangium has 5-7 (mostly 6) fusiform sporangia fused at the base and attached to the top of the synangial pedicel. The outer facing wall of the sporangia consists of 2~3 layers of cells at the base and becomes thinner at the midlevel (1~2 layers of cells), and at the top of the synangia the wall become thicker again. The cells of the outer facing wall of the sporangia are elongate in the longitudinal sections. The lateral and inner facing walls of the sporangia are one cell thick. The synangial pedicel is small. Spores in situ are small, generally 11~14 µm in diameter, spherical or rounded-triangular, trilete and smooth-walled.     

埃博拉病毒来源miRNA的研究综述

近年来,随着对microRNA（miRNA）的广泛研究,人们发现,不仅有细胞结构的生物具有产生miRNA的能力,无细胞结构的病毒同样具有产生miRNA从而影响自身复制及调控宿主基因表达和信号通路的能力。埃博拉病毒（Ebola virus,EBOV）已经多次导致一定规模的流行,病毒的高致死率和复杂的致病机制引起了人们的高度重视,多项研究指出EBOV具有产生miRNA的能力,且在其感染过程中发挥一定的作用。本文对埃博拉病毒来源miRNA的预测、证实及检测相关研究进行综述,以期为全面了解EBOV来源的miRNA提供参考。     

中国鄂温克、鄂伦春、达斡尔族永生细胞系的建立与保存

本采用ＥＢＶ（Ｅｐｓｔｅｉｎ－Ｂａｒｒ Ｖｉｒｕｓ）上清液转化Ｂ淋巴细胞,并加入环胞霉素Ａ（Ｃｙｃｌｏｓｐｏｒｉｎｅ Ａ）抑制Ｔ淋巴细胞,成功地对中国东北地区鄂温克族、鄂伦春族及达斡尔族的部分个体建立了永生细胞系,其中鄂温克族４９株,鄂伦春族４０株,达斡尔族５１例,总计１４０株。永久保存我国特有民族的基因组,为分析其遗传学差异奠定了基础。     

竹叶柴胡地上部分的化学成分

竹叶柴胡(Bupleurum marginatumWall.ex DC.)为伞形科(Apiaceae)柴胡属(BupleurumL.)植物,主要分布于四川北部、陕西南部、湖北西部及云南、贵州等省区,全株均可入药,为目前市场上药材柴胡的三大主要来源之一。柴胡具解表和里、疏肝解郁、提升中气之功效,在中药学中具有重要地位,在中国也已有2000多年的应用历史。目前,有关北柴胡(B.chinenseDC.)及南柴胡(B.scorzonerifoliumWilld.)的相关研究较多,而对在西南地区广泛使用的竹叶柴胡的研究却甚少。另外,对柴胡的相关研究多集中于根及根茎,有关柴胡茎叶化学成分和药理作用的研究较少。…     

Expression and Sequence Analysis of a cDNA Relative to Orchid Ovule Development

The Phalaenopsis sp. cv. SM 9108 flower provides a good system to isolate ovule-specific genes. A cDNA library at mature ovule stage has been constructed. A differential screening approach was used to identify cDNAs representing genes which are expressed in a stage-specific manner during ovule development. The authors have demonstrated that the expression of a cDNA (0138) was regulated stage-specifically and tis-sue-specifically using, Northern blot, and also have analyzed the full sequence of this cDNA. Its further functional characterization in ovule development will be facilitated.     

APP5肽模拟物P165对体外培养大鼠海马神经干细胞增殖和分化的影响

目的研究一种小分子多肽─APP5肽的模拟物P165对体外培养的大鼠胚胎海马神经干细胞（neuralstem cells,NSCs）增殖和分化的影响,以期能找到一种可代替神经营养因子的小分子物质,能够促进NSCs的增殖或分化,为将来的临床应用提供理论依据。方法（1）原代培养SD大鼠胚胎脑海马NSCs;（2）利用5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶核苷（BrdU）和神经元、星型胶质细胞、少突胶质细胞的特异性标记物微管相关蛋白2（MAP2）、胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）、2,3-环核苷酸-3磷酸二酯酶（CNPase）对培养的NSCs进行鉴定;（3）将培养的NSCs分为对照组、血清组、APP5肽反序列组和P165组,观察各组细胞形态的变化;（4）将培养的NSCs分为对照组、APP5肽反序列组和P165组,利用细胞计数,测定干细胞克隆形成率、干细胞克隆形成大小的方法分析P165对海马NSCs增殖的影响。结果（1）海马神经干细胞呈神经球聚集生长,BrdU染色阳性;加入血清后神经球周围有细胞呈放射状向四周生长,并带有突起。染色呈MAP2、GFAP或CNPase阳性;（2）海马NSCs加入P165及其反序列后细胞形态上与对照组相比没有明显改变;（3）与对照组相比,加P165后海马NSCs数量明显增加,克隆形成率和克隆形成的直径均有明显的增加,并有统计学差异。结论P165能够促进海马NSCs的增殖,但并不促进其分化。     

基于地统计学和GIS的苜蓿斑蚜种群空间结构分析和分布模拟

运用地理信息系统(GIS)和地统计学方法对宁夏南部固原市原州区不同时期苜蓿斑蚜(Therioaphis trifolii)种群的空间结构进行了分析,并采用普通克立格插值法模拟了苜蓿斑蚜种群空间分布.结果表明:不同时期苜蓿斑蚜种群存在空间相关性,其半变异函数曲线均为指数型,空间格局呈聚集分布,空间变异成分的变化范围为34.13%~48.77%,空间相关范围为8.751~12.049km,聚集程度和方向有从西南向东北方向聚集的趋势.空间分布模拟图能较好地从时间、空间两个角度直观地分析不同时期苜蓿斑蚜种群的动态变化,易于确定同一时期苜蓿斑蚜的发生位置和发生程度.